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Section 1

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adductor muscle

Front

1 / 47

Biology Science

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Last updated

1 year ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (47)

Section 1

(47 cards)

adductor muscle

Front

the muscle with which a bivalve closes its shell

Back

Abscission Zone

Front

the area at the base of a leaf petiole where the leaf breaks off from the stem

Back

Cytoplasm

Front

The region of a cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus; contains the various organelles of the cell

Back

Nucleolus

Front

Site where ribosomes are synthesized and partially assembled before they pass through the nuclear pores to the cytosol

Back

Nucleus

Front

Stores hereditary info in its DNA, Site where RNA is copied from DNA

Back

Abiotic Factor

Front

any nonliving component of an ecosystem

Back

adaptive radiation

Front

an evolutionary pattern in which many species evolve from a single ancestral species

Back

Cilia

Front

Short, hairlike organelles that extends from a cell and functions in locomotion or in the movement of substances across the cell surface

Back

Lysosomes

Front

small, spherical organelles that enclose hydrolytic enzymes within single membranes; digest proteins, carbs, lipids, DNA, RNA, old organelles, viruses, bacteria; rare in plant cells

Back

Cell Wall- Secondary

Front

Tough & Woody

Back

Fluid Mosaic Model

Front

The lipid bilayer behaves more like a fluid than a solid; the membrane's lipids and proteins can move laterally within the lipid bilayer; cell membrane is constantly changing

Back

Cell Wall- Primary

Front

Plant cell is being formed

Back

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Front

Prominent in cells that make large amounts of proteins to be exported from the cell or inserted into the cell membrane.

Back

Ribosomes

Front

Synthesis of proteins, some are free and some attach to the endoplasmic reticulum

Back

Mitochondrion

Front

Transfers energy from organic compounds to ATP; more numerous in cells that have a high energy requirement: liver, muscles

Back

Nucleus

Front

Maintains its shape with the help of a protein skeleton known as the nuclear matrix, surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope

Back

acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA)

Front

the compound that reacts with oxaloacetic acid in the first step of the Kreb's cycle

Back

Cytoskeleton

Front

A network of long protein strands located in the cytosol; support, movement of organelles; microfilaments and microtubules

Back

Cytosol

Front

The gelatin-like aqueous fluid that bathes the organelles on the inside of the cell membrane; dissolved are salts, minerals, and organic molecules

Back

Aboral Surface

Front

The surface opposite the mouth on an echinoderm

Back

Absorption

Front

in digestion, the movement of nutrients to the circulatory system

Back

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Front

Functions as a intracellular highway, a path along which molecules move from one part of the cell to another.

Back

Actin

Front

One of the two protein filaments in a muscle cell that function in contraction

Back

Nuclear Envelope

Front

The double membrane that surrounds the nucleus, inside are fine strands of chromatin- DNA & Protein, Forms chromosomes when cell is about to divide

Back

ATP

Front

The molecule that most cells use as their main energy currency.

Back

Microfilaments

Front

Made of protein called actin; many that are linked together to form polymer chain; smallest strands of cytoskeleton; contribute to cell movement and contraction of muscle cells

Back

Activation Energy

Front

Amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to start and to continue on its own

Back

Ribosomes

Front

Proteins to be inserted into membranes or exported from the cell are produced on the ribosomes that are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum

Back

adenine

Front

a nitrogen-containing base that is a component of a nucleotide

Back

Ribosomes

Front

Proteins to be used within the cytosol are produced on the ribosomes that are free in the cytosol

Back

Peripheral Proteins

Front

located on both the interior surface and the exterior surface of the cell membrane

Back

Microtubules

Front

Largest strands of cytoskeleton; hollow tubes;t when a cell is about to divide, bundles of microtubules come together and extend across the cell spindle fibers

Back

Plastids

Front

Surrounded by two membranes and contain DNA- Plants Only

Back

Golgi Apparatus

Front

Processing, packaging, and the secreting organelle of the cell, convex shape, modifies proteins for export by the cell

Back

Accessory Pigment

Front

a pigment that absorbs light energy and transfers energy to chlorophyll a in photosynthesis

Back

Plastids

Front

Contain Pigments which absorb visible light- Plants Only

Back

Abscisic Acid

Front

a hormone in plants that helps regulate the growth of buds and the germination of seeds

Back

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Front

A system of membranous tubules and sacs in eukaryotic cells that functions as a path along which molecules move from one part of the cell to another.

Back

acid

Front

any substance that increases the concentration of Hydrogen (H+) ions when added to a water solution

Back

aceolomate

Front

an animal with no coelem, or body cavity

Back

acclimation

Front

the process of an organism's adjustment to an abiotic factor

Back

Vacuoles- Plants Only

Front

Store Enzymes & Metabolic Wastes, Fluid-Filled, Could take up 90% of the volume of the cell, some wastes could be toxic, could provide defense mechanisms

Back

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Front

Involved in the synthesis of steroids in gland cells, the regulation of calcium levels in muscle cells, and the break down of toxic substances by liver cells.

Back

Cristae- Mitochondria

Front

Inner membrane that has many long folds; Enlarge the surface area of the inner membrane providing more space for the chemical reactions

Back

Active Transport

Front

the movement of a substance across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient; requires the cell to expend energy

Back

Cell Wall

Front

The rigidity helps support and protect the plant.

Back

Integral Proteins

Front

Proteins that are embedded in the bilayer

Back