Section 1
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double helix
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Last updated
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Date created
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Cards (52)
Section 1
(50 cards)
double helix
Shape of DNA
polar
Molecule with partial charges. Mixes with water.
element
A pure substance made of only one kind of atom
polypeptide
A polymer (chain) of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.
compound
a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture.
carboxyl group
A -COOH group, found in organic acids.
protein
A three dimensional polymer made of monomers of amino acids.
deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
triglycerides
an energy-rich compound made up of a single molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acid.
complementary
serving to complete something
saccharide
sugar
monomers
building blocks of polymers
hydrolysis
the chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water.
hydrophobic
Water fearing
Fructose
fruit sugar
maltose
glucose + glucose
nonpolar
No partial charges. Do not mix with water.
polymers
large compound formed from combinations of many monomers
dehydration synthesis
Condensation reaction where molecules are connected by loss of a water molecule.
double bond
A chemical bond formed when atoms share two pairs of electrons
guanine
The base that pairs with Cytosine in DNA
glucose
A simple sugar that is an important source of energy.
cellulose
A substance (made of sugars) that is common in the cell walls of many organisms
sucrose
glucose + fructose
molecules
Groups of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
reactants
A starting material in a chemical reaction
cholesterol
A type of fat made by the body from saturated fat; a minor part of fat in foods.
lipid bilayer
double-layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes
amino acids
building blocks of proteins
ribonucleic acid
RNA
thymine
The base that pairs with Adenine in DNA
products
The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction.
phospholipids
a lipid containing a phosphate group in its molecule
starch
A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose.
glycogen
Storage form of glucose
nucleotide
monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
hydrophilic
water loving
polysaccharide
Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides
peptide bond
covalent bond formed between amino acids
atoms
Building blocks of matter
organic
Contains carbon
adenine
The base that pairs with Thymine in DNA
monosaccharides
Single sugar molecules (glucose, fructose, galactose)
cytosine
The base that pairs with Guanine in DNA
polynucleotides
polymers of nucleic acids
biomolecules
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
inorganic
Molecules that do not contain carbon
base pairing
Adenine+ Thymine, Cytosine+ Guanine
dissacharide
A molecule made of two monosaccharides.
hydrocarbon
Compounds composed of only carbon and hydrogen
Section 2
(2 cards)