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AP/IB Chemistry Unit 3

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Section 1

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Double Bond

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1 / 46

Chemistry Science

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Last updated

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Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (46)

Section 1

(46 cards)

Double Bond

Front

1 sigma bond and 1 pi bond

Back

Second step in creating an ionic bond

Front

The nonmetal atom gains valence electrons to fill its outer shell. It becomes an anion

Back

Polar Covalent Bond

Front

A covalent bond that has different electronegativity values.

Back

Octahedral

Front

6 Electron Domains, 90°

Back

Resonance Structures

Front

One of the two or more equally valid electron dot structures of a molecule or polyatomic ion.

Back

Octet

Front

A complete shell with 8 electrons

Back

Seesaw

Front

5 Electron Domains, 90°/117°, 1 lone pair

Back

Formal Charge

Front

Number of valence electrons - ( Number of dots + Number of lines)

Back

Where do covalent bonds occur?

Front

Covalent bonds usually occur between nonmetal atoms that share their valence electrons to complete their outer shells.

Back

Electronegativity

Front

The ability of an atom to attract bonding electrons in a covalent bond.

Back

First step in creating an ionic bond

Front

The metal atom transfers its valence electron to the nonmetal atom. The metal becomes a cation

Back

Linear

Front

2 Electron Domains, 180°

Back

Delocalized Electron

Front

The valence electrons of metals tend to "wander off" and become a sea of ______________________

Back

Electronegativity trend in groups

Front

EN values decrease as you go down the periodic table.

Back

Trigonal bipyramidal

Front

5 Electron Domains, 90°/120°

Back

Valence Bond Theory

Front

The idea that covalent bonds are formed when orbitals of different atoms overlap

Back

Linear (AX2E3)

Front

5 Electron Domains, 180°, 3 lone pairs

Back

Nonpolar covalent bond

Front

A covalent bond that has equal electronegativity values.

Back

Predicting Molecular Geometry

Front

Count the number of electron pairs around the central atom. Treat double and triple bonds as if they were single bonds. Electron pairs repel each other pairs and thus position themselves as far apart as possible. Lone pairs repel other lone pairs stronger than bonding.

Back

Hybrid Orbitals

Front

Orbitals that have the properties to explain the geometry of chemical bonds between atoms

Back

Bent (V shaped)

Front

3 Electron Domains, 117°, 1 lone pair

Back

Bent (V shaped)

Front

4 Electron Domains, 105°, 2 lone pair

Back

Trigonal pyramidal

Front

4 Electron Domains, 107°, 1 lone pair

Back

Octet Rule

Front

When atoms react, they tend to achieve an outer shell with eight electrons.

Back

Lewis Structure

Front

A diagram showing how the valence electrons are distributed in an atom, ion, or molecule

Back

Metallic Bonds

Front

Strong Electrostatic Forces of attraction between delocalized electrons and positive metal ions. Metallic bonds bind metal atoms together

Back

Pi Bond

Front

A bond between p orbitals.

Back

Triple Bond

Front

1 sigma bond and 2 pi bonds

Back

Trigonal Planar

Front

3 Electron Domains, 120°

Back

Sigma Bond

Front

Single covalent bonds

Back

Square pyramidal

Front

6 Electron Domains, 90°, 1 lone pair

Back

Ionic Compound

Front

A compound that consists of positive and negative ions in the form of a crystal lattice.

Back

Covalent Bond

Front

Formed by the electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of attraction and the positively charged nuclei.

Back

Third step in creating an ionic bond

Front

The cation and anion make an attractive electrostatic (Coulombic) attraction that holds the two ions together thus forming an ionic bond

Back

Chemical Bond

Front

The Electrostatic Force that holds two atoms together to make a compound.

Back

Dipole

Front

An uneven distribution of charge.

Back

Hybridization

Front

The concept of mixing atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals.

Back

Square Planar

Front

6 Electron Domains, 90°, 2 lone pairs

Back

VSEPR Theory

Front

Valence, Shell, Electron, Pair, Repulsion

Back

Duplet

Front

A complete shell with 2 electrons

Back

Lewis Symbol

Front

The representation of an atom that shows valence electrons as dots around the symbol of the element

Back

Tetrahedral

Front

4 Electron Domains, 109.5°

Back

T-Shape

Front

5 Electron Domains, 90°, 2 lone pairs

Back

Ionic Bond

Front

An electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions andresults in the complete transfer of electrons.

Back

Why are bonds formed?

Front

Bonds are formed during chemical reactions to help atoms fill their valence shells.

Back

Electronegativity trend in periods

Front

EN value gets larger as you move left to right.

Back