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How are hepatocytes arranged?

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Pathology

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Last updated

6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (41)

Section 1

(41 cards)

How are hepatocytes arranged?

Front

hexagonal with the corners being portal triads and a central vein

Back

can a cell recover after being injury by free radicals?

Front

yes, as long as mitochondria and cell membrane are intact/functional

Back

apoptosis

Front

programmed, controlled by nucleus cell shrinks apoptotic bodies phagocytes NO INFLAMMATION don't see gross changes

Back

What are the zones of the liver?

Front

1=periportal 2=mid-zonal 3=centrilobular

Back

metaplasia

Front

put a different kind of cell there, one that can withstand the injury

Back

what makes up the portal triad?

Front

bile duct portal venule hepatic artery

Back

thrombus

Front

stationary blood clot within a blood vessel

Back

dysplasia

Front

abnormal variation in cell morphology

Back

why would carbon monoxide cause hypoxia?

Front

it has a higher affinity to Hb than O2 does and displaces it

Back

what are the ways a cell can respond if injured?

Front

adapt die recover

Back

what is lipofuscin?

Front

wear and tear pigment, seen after a cell has recovered from injury

Back

disease

Front

impairment of optimal function/homeostasis due to structural or chemical changes

Back

Cytoplasmic viral inclusions

Front

how the virus takes over the cell machinery, little pink dot

Back

when is apoptosis used?

Front

embryological development destroy infected cells prevent neoplasms when there's DNA damage destroy immune cells that recognize self involution (thymus) get rid of old cells

Back

what are the 3 forms of cell death?

Front

necrosis apoptosis autolysis

Back

How long does it take to see light microscopy cell changes histologically after cell death?

Front

4-12 hours

Back

which cell types are less susceptible to hypoxia?

Front

cartilage bone fat skin

Back

what's unique about the liver?

Front

very homogeneous/the same throughout so a lesion presents the same throughout

Back

hypoxia

Front

sub-optimal/lack of oxygen

Back

which liver zone gets the best nutrients?

Front

periportal - blood coming in is fresh/full of O2 and nutrients

Back

ischemia

Front

lack of blood flow to an area

Back

what DON'T you normally see in the liver?

Front

bile canaliculi lymphatics

Back

How long does it take to see gross lesions after cell death?

Front

1-2 days

Back

which direction does blood flow through the portal triad?

Front

from the outside in, towards the central vein

Back

what are ways a cell can adapt?

Front

hyperplasia hypertrophy metaplasia atrophy dysplasia

Back

How long does it take to see electron microscopy cell changes histologically after cell death?

Front

a few hours

Back

CLASS C

Front

color location appearance shape size consistency

Back

What are 2 reasons the hepatocytes might be swollen?

Front

hydropic degeneration hydropic lipidosis

Back

How long does it take to see reversible cell changes histologically?

Front

minutes

Back

when will you see bile canaliculi?

Front

Bile stasis = dilation yellow/brown/green blobs between hepatocytes

Back

which liver zone gets affected most during acute trauma/blood loss?

Front

zone 3 = centrilobular b/c then there's practically nothing left in the blood for them to use cells die and release ALT into the central vein

Back

which direction does bile flow in the portal triad?

Front

out, from the center to the periphery and down the triad

Back

necrosis

Front

cell swelling cell bursts/leaks contents recruitment of neutrophils INFLAMMATION

Back

what is the limiting plate?

Front

protective barrier around the portal triad damage to it stimulates hepatocyte growth

Back

which liver zone gets the least nutrients?

Front

centrilobular - zone 1 and zone 2 have all pulled nutrients out of the blood and now their concentrations are low

Back

what are endothelial cells?

Front

they line blood vessels

Back

When is an injury no longer reversible?

Front

mitochondrial damage or cell membrane damage

Back

what things lead to cell injury via free radicals?

Front

inflammtion radiation O2 toxicity chemicals reperfusion injury

Back

what is the space of disse?

Front

potential space between hepatocytes and vascular space, allows for transfer of nutrients

Back

what can help identify the origin of a tumor?

Front

microfilaments in the cytoskeleton- different for each cell type

Back

In general, what do you see histologically during acute cell swelling?

Front

larger/distended cells pallor - diluted cytoplasm increased size/weight of tissue cut surface rolls out instead of back together=bulges

Back