what is necessary to execute any java programs byte code file
Front
computer must have a java virtual machine program, there's diff programs for different operating systems but the byte code file is portable across operating systems
Back
similarities between compiler and interpreter
Front
carry out the same purpose, convert a high level language instruction into binary form which is understandable by computer hardware. both act as translators between high level programming languages and machine languages
Back
types of high level languages
Front
algebraic formula type processing, business data processing, object oriented programming language, visual programming language.
Back
main differences between a compiler and an interpreter
Front
interpreter takes one statement then translates it and executes if and then takes another statement. While the interpreter translates the entire program in one go and executes it. compiler generates the error report after the translation of the entire page while an interpreter will stop the translation after it gets the first error. overall execution time of a code is faster for compiler relative to the interpreter
Back
all processing in the CPU is done in
Front
binary
Back
source code
Front
program written in high-level language, need to be converted into machine code for computer to understand and execute instructions
Back
high level language
Front
basically symbolic languages that use English words and or mathematical symbols rather than mnemonic codes
Back
double
Front
stores floating point or real (fractional) numbers decimal primitive data type. default value 0.0
Back
assembly language
Front
2nd generation, uses mnemonic symbols to represent instructions and data. was developed to overcome some of the many inconveniences of machine language
Back
EBCDIC
Front
extended binary coded decimal interchange code
Back
whenever any data is output to the screen it is transmitted directly from
Front
memory
Back
disadvantages of assembly language
Front
like machine language it is also machine dependent, since it is machine dependent therefore programmer should have knowledge of hardware also
Back
jvm
Front
java virtual machine
Back
advantages of machine language
Front
makes fast and efficient use of the computer, requires no translator to translate the code, directly understood by the computer.
Back
boolean
Front
stores only one value: either true or false. default value false
Back
attributes/properties
Front
describe the characteristics and states of an object. They represent the data part of an object. often represented by variables
Back
object oriented programming language
Front
the computer program is divided into objects
Back
language mainly helps in compiler operations
Front
assembly language
Back
class
Front
means for describing and defining the properties and capabilities of the objects in real life that the program has to deal with. common to objects of a certain kind. provides a template for defining objects.
Back
data representation
Front
inside a computer all data values must be represented by bit patterns. a scheme for representing information this way is called a binary code.
Back
object oriented programming language examples
Front
C++, java, python
Back
disadvantages of machine language
Front
all operation codes have to be remembered, all memory addresses have to be remembered, it is hard to amend or find errors in a program written in the machine language, these languages are machine dependent ie: a particular machine language can only be used on one type of computer hence they're not portable
Back
ASCII character inclusions
Front
0 to 9, lowercase a to z, uppercase a to z, basic punctuation symbols, control codes that originated with teletype machines and a space
Back
FORTRAN
Front
formula translation
Back
similarities between compiler and interpreter
Front
carry out the same purpose, convert a high level language instruction into binary form which is understandable by computer hardware. both act as translators between high level programming languages and machine languages
Back
steps in executing a java program
Front
write the source code file(.java)-high level language. compile the code (.class) this will convert source code into another file known as 'byte code'. java uses an interpreter to execute this byte code file (JVM)
Back
char
Front
stores a single character(represented by the double quote) default value ' '
Back
how does java use a compiler and interpreter method to execute its program
Front
first java uses a compiler to convert the source code file to another file called a .class file. the class file contains the compiled java code. Secondly java uses an interpreter to execute (or run) the .class (byte code) file. The interpreter for java is part of the java virtual machine(JVM)
Back
binary number system
Front
base 2 uses 1s and 0s
Back
examples of visual programming languages
Front
visual basic, visual java, visual c
Back
advantages of assembly language
Front
easier to understand and use as compared to machine language, easy to locate and correct errors, can easily be modified
Back
ASCII
Front
American standard code for information interchange. character encoding scheme. simple way of coding 128 characters to transmit and store data.
Back
assembly language 2nd generation
Front
very impt language in which operation codes and operands are given in the form of alphanumeric symbols instead of 1's and 0's.
Back
algebraic formula type processing
Front
languages oriented towards the computational procedures for solving mathematical and statistical problems.
Back
visual programming language
Front
these are designed for building windows-based applications
Back
business data processing examples
Front
COBOL(common business oriented language), RPG(report program generator)
Back
what format is a .class file in
Front
contains complied java code in a standard format called byte code
Back
algebraic formule type processing
Front
BASIC, FORTRAN, PL/I, ALGOL, APL
Back
how does java use a compiler and interpreter method to execute its program
Front
first java uses a compiler to convert the source code file to another file called a .class file. the class file contains the compiled java code. Secondly java uses an interpreter to execute (or run) the .class (byte code) file. The interpreter for java is part of the java virtual machine(JVM)
Back
int
Front
stores integers or whole numbers primitive data types. default value 0
Back
PL/I
Front
Programming language, version 1
Back
IDE features
Front
editor to write program, access to java compiler, access to java virtual machine, tools to help you remove errors in programs, tools to help you organize your files
Back
System.out.prinIn
Front
displays information to standard output and add a carriage return and line feed
Back
Section 2
(50 cards)
!=
Front
NOT EQUALS logical operator
Back
==
Front
EQUALS logical operator
Back
Front
end of code statement indicator
Back
.
Front
reference operator
Back
Standard Out(stdout)
Front
refers to output destination location. usually refers to the computer monitor(screen) unless specifically stated otherwise
Back
two types of comments
Front
inline comments, multi-line comments
Back
\
Front
used to represent unprintable chars
Back
&
Front
AND logical operator
Back
relationship between an object and a class
Front
object is created from the class, one class can create multiple objects
Back
*
Front
used in arithmetic multiplication, used in import statement to select a suite if objects in a package, used in java comment multi-line statement
Back
java oo(object oriented) programming language
Front
Back
what does a class define
Front
attributes, behaviour
Back
keyword
Front
reserved word that is part of the programming language itself
Back
semantic
Front
refers to the meaning of a code statement or a code block
Back
code statement
Front
any single command or instruction with ends with a semicolon
Back
class does not necessarily have to represent real objects can represent
Front
concept, process, abstract
Back
syntax
Front
refers to the rules or the standard way of constructing a code statement or a code block
Back
. everything in java is part of an object
Front
therefore all the information(data) and all the behavior(actions) are represented inside the object itself
Back
IDE
Front
integrated development environment
Back
if there's an error in the construction or meaning of a code statement or code block the compiler will generate
Front
an error (called a compiler error)
Back
how many bits in a byte
Front
8
Back
[square bracket]
Front
array indicator
Back
"""double quotes"""
Front
string absolute value(literal)
Back
stdout
Front
represented by System.out object
Back
inline comments
Front
//all text from the start of the comment until the end of the line is ignored
Back
attributes/properties
Front
describe the characteristics and states of an object. They represent the data part of an object. often represented by variables
Back
in order for a java code statement/block to be correct(understood by compiler) it must have the correct
Front
syntax and semantics
Back
%
Front
used in arithmetic integer division(mod)
Back
(parentheses)
Front
method parameter list begin and end
Back
everyday number system uses base decimal system uses
Front
base 10
Back
| |
Front
double vertical bar/pipe OR logical operator
Back
behaviour/methods
Front
"describe the ""actions"" or what an object can do. can also describe what can be done to the object itself. objects behaviours are usually represented by""methods"""
Back
object oriented programming
Front
programming paradigm using objects data structures consisting of data fields(attributes) and methods together with their interactions-to design applications and computer programs
Back
a statement forms a complete unit of execution and it is roughly equivalent to a sentence in natural languages
Front
Back
software program
Front
set of coded instructions that enables a computer to perform a desired sequence of tasks
Back
instantiation
Front
process of creating a new object is called instantiation. example bow shows how to create a new object from a class by using the new keyword
Back
platform independence
Front
has the capability to be written once and run everywhere(all os) made possible because java uses the java virtual machine which runs as a sub-layer between the java language and the operating system
Back
'single quote'
Front
char absolute value(literal)
Back
/
Front
used in single line comment, used to differentiate between diff subdirectories used in arithmetic division(div)
Back
java was initially designed for
Front
use in distributed applications on corporate networks and the internet
Back
class
Front
means for describing and defining the properties and capabilities of the objects in real life that the program has to deal with. common to objects of a certain kind. provides a template for defining objects.
Back
Front
Back
data and information related to an are stored inside and manipulated using
Front
object attributes methods
Back
every time a new object is instantiated
Front
we immediately invoke or call the constructor method
Back
multi-line comments
Front
all text between the start (/) and the end (/) of the comment is ignored
Back
analyze meaning of 10011²
Front
subscript 2 indicates base 2 is being used. 10011 (12⁴) + (02³) + (0 2²) + (1 2¹) + (1 * 2ⁿ).
decimal number conversion into binary two methods continuously dividing the decimal number by 2, and carry the remainder then continue to divide the quotient by 2 until the result becomes 0, another method we can use is using the powers of 2
Back
comment
Front
used to describe a programs purpose or explain what a small section of code is doing to anyone reading the source code., have no effect on the program
Back
:
Front
used to end a case statement used to differentiate a conditional statement using shorthand format
Back
{curly brace}
Front
begin and end code block
Back
code block
Front
consists of multiple code statements surrounded by braces, and also includes the code immediately before the braces
Back
Section 3
(37 cards)
Attribute declaration
Front
when you define attributes within a class definition you must declare them before you use them in a program
Back
syntactical errors
Front
errors with the syntax of your program or errors with the construction of your code
Back
static
Front
represent whether or not attribute is static used in attribute declaration
Back
reference/objects data types
Front
reference variables are created using defined constructors of the class. they are used to access objects. variables are declared to a specific type that cannot be changed
Back
backup path
Front
where all your java files will automatically be saved
Back
modulus
Front
% arithmetic operator
Back
output path
Front
where all of your compiled files (.class) will be saved
Back
arithmetic expression
Front
series of variables, operators, and method calls(constructed according to the syntax of the language) that evaluates to a single value.
Back
data types
Front
describes types of data. data types include String, int, double, char, and boolean. used in attribute declaration
Back
method
Front
behavior of an entity. purpose of a method is to implement some specific functionality of an entity. must have open and close parentheses some methods may have function argument that should go inside the parentheses
Back
String
Front
stores a series of characters mainly text and/or combination of text, numbers, and special characters. default value null
Back
attribute
Front
represent a characteristic or state of an object. programming term for a field or a variable, which is a place holder for an actual value. also known as variables, basically reserved memory locations to store values. this means that when you create a variable you reserve some space in memory.
Back
void data type means
Front
a method isn't expected to return a value.
Back
data type
Front
describes the type of data or information based on the data type of an attribute or variable, the operating system allocates memory and decides what can be stored in the reserved memory. Therefore by assigning different data types to variables, you store integers, decimals, or characters in these variables.
Back
constants
Front
type of variables that have fixed values. means that the values of such variable is fixed throughout the lifetime of a program. use final keyword when declaring constants
Back
constructor method main purpose is to
Front
initialize the variables. meaning every time you declared a new variable and you want to assign an initial value to it. you do that inside the constructor method.
Back
cause of run-time errors
Front
some statement in the code causes the computer to read and write an area of memory(RAM or hard drive) that is prohibited (or should not be accessed). can only be identified by the OS
Back
java standard output uses two output statements
Front
System.out.print(), System.out.prinln()
Back
primitive data types
Front
predefined by the language and named by a keyword. Eight primitive data types supported by Java, plus the composite type String that stores strings of characters
Back
where inside Jbuilder IDE are displayed
Front
inside the output window
Back
two data types available in java
Front
primitive data types, reference/object data types
Back
special methods
Front
constructor and main method. have specific functionalities different from self constructed methods by programmer