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AP Human Geography Unit 1 Review

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40 cards

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Section 1

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Meridian

Front

1 / 40

Geography

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Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (40)

Section 1

(40 cards)

Meridian

Front

An arc drawn on a map between the North and South poles

Back

Cultural Landscape

Front

Fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group

Back

Parallel

Front

A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at the right angles to the meridians

Back

Ways to Identify Place

Front

Place name, site, situation, and absolute location

Back

Mercator Projection

Front

Invented by Flemish cartographer Gerardus Mercator for ships navigating across the Atlantic Ocean in 1569. The map is meant for direction. However, the projection distorts sizes of areas, particularly as you get closer to the North and South poles

Back

Site

Front

The physical character of a place

Back

Peters Projection

Front

Introduced in 1974 by Arno Peters, and focuses on keeping landmasses equal in area. As a result, the shapes are distorted, and the map looks unfamiliar to viewers

Back

Infrastructure

Front

The stock of basic facilities and capital equipment needed for the functioning of a country or area

Back

Map

Front

A two-dimensional, or flat, representation of Earth's surface or a portion of it

Back

Physical Site Characteristics

Front

Climate, topography, soil, water sources, vegetation, and elevation

Back

Cartography

Front

The art and science of mapmaking

Back

Robinson Projection

Front

A map that curves inward to fix the distortion of the Mercator, but makes the landmasses look smaller than they really are. It is an attempt to balance all distortions by making errors in all 4 ways. As a result, it is a good projection for general use

Back

Region

Front

An area distinguished by a unique combination of trends or features

Back

Types of Distortion

Front

The shapes of areas; the distances between places; the relative size of different areas; the direction from one place to another

Back

Culture

Front

The body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a group of people's distinct tradition

Back

Multi-national Corporations

Front

Companies that have centers of operation in many parts of the globe

Back

Toponym

Front

The name given to a portion of Earth's surface

Back

GPS

Front

A system that determines the precise position of something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and recievers.

Back

Spatial Association

Front

The distribution of one phenomenon is spatially related to the distribution of another

Back

Scale

Front

Size of the unit studied (local, regional, or global scale); Map scale (mathematical relationship between the size of an area on a map and its actual size on earth)

Back

Resource

Front

A substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access, and is socially acceptable to use

Back

Regionalization

Front

The organization of earth's surface into distinct areas that are viewed as different from other areas

Back

Scale

Front

Generally, the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole, specifically the relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth's surface.

Back

Globalization

Front

Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope

Back

Longitude

Front

The numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian (0°).

Back

Situation

Front

The location of a place relative to other places

Back

Latitude

Front

The numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator

Back

Landscapes

Front

The overall appearance of an area that is shaped by both human and natural influences

Back

Spatial Organization

Front

The location of places, people, and events, and the connections among places and landscapes (defines human life on earth, with all its similarities and differences)

Back

Space-Time Compression

Front

The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation systems

Back

Hearth

Front

The region from which innovative ideas originate

Back

Geography

Front

The study of the earth's surface, climate, continents, countries, peoples, industries, and products.

Back

Eratosthenes

Front

Greek scholar in 3rd century BC who accurately calculated the circumference of the earth by measuring the sun's angles at the summer solstice at 2 points along the Nile River

Back

Ptolemy

Front

Greek scholar who lived 500 years before Eratosthenes recalculated the earth's circumference inaccurately by 9,000 miles, but his mistake was taken as truth for hundreds of years. He wrote Guide to Geography that included rough maps of landmasses, and developed a global grid system which was a forerunner to our modern system of latitude and longitude.

Back

Place

Front

A specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular location

Back

Projection

Front

The system used to transfer locations from Earth's surface to a flat map

Back

5 Themes of Geography

Front

Location, Movement, Place, Human Interaction, Region

Back

GIS

Front

A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data.

Back

Space

Front

The physical gap or interval between two objects

Back

Idrisi

Front

An 11th century Arab geographer that worked for the king of Sicily to collect geographical information into a remarkably accurate representation of the world. Under his direction, an academy of geographers gathered maps and went out on their own scientific expeditions.

Back