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AP English: Rhetorical Analysis

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Section 1

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Euphemism

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Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (34)

Section 1

(34 cards)

Euphemism

Front

A mild or indirect word/expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt. Example: "Passed away" as opposed to "died."

Back

Polysyndeton

Front

A technique in which conjunctions or used repeatedly and in quick succession, often without commas. Example: "It is not to be disparaged or refused or criticized or condemned or to be ostracized."

Back

Paradox

Front

A statement that is self-contradictory because it contains two statements that are true, but cannot be true at the same time. Example: "I can resist anything but temptation" -Oscar Wilde

Back

Personification

Front

Attribution of lifelike qualities to an inanimate object or an idea.

Back

Antithesis

Front

Opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in parallel construction. Example: We shall support any friend, oppose any foe.

Back

Apostrophe

Front

A figure or speech in which the speaker detaches himself from reality by addressing an imaginary character in his speech.

Back

Parallelism

Front

Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses. Example: Let both sides explore...let both sides, for the first time, formulate serious and precise proposals...let both sides seek to invoke...let both unite to heed.

Back

Metonymy

Front

Figure of speech that replaces the name of a thing with the name of something else that is closely related. Example: The pen is mightier than the sword. (Pen refers to written texts, and sword refers to military force.)

Back

Anaphora

Front

Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines. Example: ...not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need- not as a call to battle, though embattled we are...

Back

Catalogue

Front

A complete list of items, enumerated or systematized one by one.

Back

Archaic diction

Front

Old-fashioned, antiquated, or outdated choice of words.

Back

Juxtaposition

Front

Placement of two things closely together to emphasize similarities or differences. Example: the juxtaposition of "death" and "life" concepts in Virginia Woolf's "Death of a Moth"

Back

Chiasmus

Front

Repetition of words in reverse order. Example: Ask not what your country can do for you- ask what you can do for your country.

Back

Inversion

Front

Inverted order of words in a sentence (variation of the subject-verb-object order). Example: United there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided there is little we can do.

Back

Hyperbole

Front

Exaggerated claims or statements not meant to be taken literally.

Back

Rhetorical Question

Front

Figure of speech in the form of a question posed for the rhetorical effect rather than for the purpose of getting an answer.

Back

Jargon

Front

Special words or phrases that are used by a particular profession or group of people. Example: jargon for teachers include words like "pedagogy" and "instructional differentiation"

Back

Imperative Sentence

Front

Sentence used to command or enjoin. Example: Take out a piece of paper. Start writing.

Back

Syntax

Front

The arrangement and placement of words and sentences. Remember to specify the TYPE of syntax; otherwise, it's like vaguely saying the author uses "sentences."

Back

Asyndeton

Front

Omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words. Example: "We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe..."

Back

Allusion

Front

A brief reference to a person, event, or place (real or fictitious) or to a work of art. Example: Rhetorical analysis was the student's Achilles' Heel.

Back

Connotation

Front

Meanings or associations that readers have with a word beyond its dictionary definition, or denotation. Connotations are usually positive or negative, and they can greatly affect the author's tone.

Back

Oxymoron

Front

Paradoxical juxtaposition of words that seem to contradict one another. Example: But this peaceful revolution...

Back

Satire

Front

The use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues.

Back

Litote

Front

A figure of speech that employs an understatement by using negatives. Example: "I am not as young as I used to be" as opposed to "I am old."

Back

Metaphor

Front

Figure of speech that compares two things without using "like" or "as." Extended metaphors are known as "conceits."

Back

Cumulative Sentence

Front

Sentence that completes the main idea at the beginning of the sentence and then builds and adds on. Example: But neither can two great and powerful groups of nations take comfort from our present course- both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom, yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war.

Back

Zeugma

Front

Use of two different words in a grammatically similar way that produces different, often incongruous, meanings. Example: Now the trumpet summons us again, not as a call to bear arms, but as a call to bear the burdens.

Back

Caesura

Front

An interruption, break, or pause within a sentence or a metrical line. Example: Everyone should try- you, too.

Back

Synedoche

Front

Figure of speech that uses a part to represent the whole. Example: calling a car "wheels"

Back

Irony

Front

The expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect. Types include dramatic, verbal, and situational irony.

Back

Diction

Front

The choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing. Remember to specify the TYPE of diction; otherwise, it's like you're vaguely saying the author uses "words."

Back

Alliteration

Front

Repetition of the same sound beginning several words or syllables in sequence. Example: Let us go forth to lead the land we love.

Back

Hortative Sentence

Front

Sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats, implores, or calls to action. Example: Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us.

Back