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PHP 308 Systematic Searching

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Section 1

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RECEIVE

Front

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Last updated

1 year ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (24)

Section 1

(24 cards)

RECEIVE

Front

- demographics (mode of response, practice setting, credentials) - background info - ultimate question (categorize question) - keep track of data using data collection sheet/program

Back

Respond: Evaluate Reply

Front

- does the response answer the question? - is the info clinically applicable? - is the response understandable? - is it organized? - grammatically correct? provide response (written vs verbs follow up)

Back

Research

Front

- develop strategy - conduct systematic search tertiary -> secondary -> primary -> internet

Back

respond: analysis and synthesis

Front

- analyze evidence gathered (critical assessment, objective review/critique, positive and negative findings) - synthesize final response (process of combining critiqued literature, use logic and deductive reasoning -> coherent reply) Use to: form opinions, make judgements, draw conclusions

Back

systematic approach

Front

5 steps

Back

Where to start?

Front

- must have organized approach - identify ultimate question - develop "database" about question (patient factors, disease state factors, medication factors) - develop questions you need answered

Back

What is the question?

Front

- finding the real question - "tip of the iceberg" principle - applies to pharmacists interactions with physician, patient, other healthcare professional

Back

Research step 3

Front

review primary literature - original research - most current evidence - time consuming to evaluate

Back

Research Step 1

Front

review tertiary literature - efficient evidence summary - may be outdated, inconsistent, biased, incomplete

Back

Receive Ultimate Question

Front

Ultimate question: the real question or need, clarify the question being asked, use background information to clarify Failure to obtain background: "correct" answer to "incorrect" question, difference between "general" question and meaningful pharmacotherapy consult

Back

simplified process

Front

receive -> research -> respond -> record

Back

Respond: Formulate Reply

Front

accurate, thorough, concise response -introduction: background -body: presentation of data -conclusion: recommendations -references always anticipate secondary questions

Back

Why is background important?

Front

- communicate with requester to learn: context of question, pertinent patient data, true need of requestor - allows provision of meaningful info

Back

clinical practice

Front

- use principle of EBM to systematically evaluate and grade quality of literature GRADE = quality of literature, strength of recommendation

Back

no systematic approach applies to

Front

ALL situations

Back

Research step 2:

Front

review secondary literature - complete listing of abstracts and/or full text - need to know how to use it

Back

Pitfalls finding answers

Front

- wanting to find it too quick - need to look for evidence - having tunnel vision - leads to: bias, potentially a misleading or incorrect response - must start with BIG PICTURE

Back

formulaic approach

Front

not useful, involves communication, is a dynamic process

Back

record:

Front

- verify response appropriateness (readily accepted? additional questions?) - verify systematic process used - provide updates if new becomes available

Back

Receive: Categorize

Front

classification of request: helps develop rational search strategy, focus on what DI resources to use

Back

modified systematic approach

Front

7 steps

Back

consensus based

Front

may be solely on expert opinion - may not be substantiated by literature or considered best practice

Back

General considerations

Front

- all info up to date - do not speculate - "no published info available" - logical sequence - stress important concepts - verify that response was met

Back

Receive: Background

Front

- patient specific questions - treatments already tried - resources already consulted

Back