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Section 1

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electron dot struct

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Chemistry Science

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Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (36)

Section 1

(36 cards)

electron dot struct

Front

consists of an element's symbol, representing the atomic nucleus and inner level electrons, that is surrounded by dots, representing the atom's valence electrons

Back

Atomic Mass

Front

weighted average mass of the isotopes of that element

Back

Identify the Model that the Sir William Cooke's cathode ray tube experiment led to

Front

Plum Pudding

Back

photon

Front

particle of electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries a quantum of energy

Back

principal quantum number

Front

assigned by the quantum mechanical model to indicate the relative sizes and energies of atomic orbitals

Back

wavelength

Front

shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave

Back

Compare/Contrast continuous electromagnetic spectra and atomic emission spectra

Front

The atomic emission spectra of an element is the set of frequencies of the electromagnetic waves emitted by atoms of the element. The continuous electromagnetic spectra includes all forms of electromagnetic radiation (the rainbow of visible light).

Back

photoelectric effect

Front

photoelectrons are emitted from a metal's surface when light of a certain frequency shines on the surface

Back

electromagnetic spectrum

Front

includes all forms of electromagnetic radiation, the types of radiation differ in their frequencies and wavelengths

Back

principal energy level

Front

major energy levels of an atom

Back

frequency

Front

number of waves that pass a given point per second

Back

Hund's rule

Front

single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal-energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbitals

Back

valence electrons

Front

electrons in an atom's outermost orbitals; determine the chemical properties of an element

Back

Identify the relationship between unstable nuclei and radioactive decay

Front

Unstable nuclei undergo radioactive decay until they form stable atoms, often of a different element

Back

Define a quantum of energy and explain how it is related to an energy change of matter

Front

Quantum of energy is the minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom. It describes how much an atom can change .

Back

Explain how de Broglie's wave particle duality and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle impact the current view of electrons in atoms.

Front

Both contributed to the electron cloud theory.

Back

Pauli's exclusion principle

Front

a maximum of two electrons can occupy a single atomic orbital but only if the electrons have opposite spins

Back

Solve for the quantity of an unknown particle

Front

number of protons= atomic number= 10 number of electrons= atomic number= 10 number of neutrons= mass number - atomic number Example: Nn:22 - 10= 12 The name of the isotope is neon-22 The symbol for the isotope is 10 22Ne

Back

quantum mechanical model of the atom

Front

an atomic model in which electrons are treated as waves; also called thewave mechanical model of the atom

Back

energy sublevel-

Front

energy levels contained within within a principal energy level

Back

aufbau principle

Front

each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available

Back

Explain why atomic masses are not whole numbers

Front

because isotopes have different masses, it's a weighted average

Back

quantum number

Front

number assigned to each orbit of an electron

Back

Apply isotope notation to elements

Front

Mass number= atomic number+number of neutrons

Back

electromagnetic radiation

Front

form of energy exhibiting wavelike behavior as it travels through space

Back

ground state

Front

lowest allowable energy state of an atom

Back

electron configuration

Front

arrangement of electrons in an atom, which is prescribed by three rules; aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule

Back

quantum

Front

minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom

Back

Mass Number

Front

number after an element's name representing the sum of its protons and neutrons

Back

isotope

Front

atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Back

Atomic Mass Unit (amu)

Front

1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom

Back

atomic emission spectrum

Front

set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists ofa series of fine lines of colors

Back

Heisenberg uncertainty principle

Front

it is not possible to know precisely both the velocity and the position of a particleat the same time

Back

atomic #

Front

number of protons in an atom

Back

amplitude

Front

height of a wave from the origin to a crest, or from origin to trough

Back

atomic orbital

Front

three-dimensional region around the nucleus of an atom that describes an electron's probable location

Back