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GWHS AP Biology - Ecosystems

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Section 1

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Biology Science

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Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (26)

Section 1

(26 cards)

turnover time

Front

Measure of the movement of an element in a biogeochemical cycle

Back

nitrogen fixation

Front

is a process in which nitrogen (N2) in the atmosphere is converted into ammonium (NH4+) or nitrogen dioxide (NO. 2)

Back

trophic efficiency

Front

describes the efficiency with which energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next

Back

dentrification

Front

microbially facilitated process of nitrate reduction (performed by a large group of heterotrophic facultative anaerobic bacteria) that may ultimately produce molecular nitrogen (N2) through a series of intermediate gaseous nitrogen oxide products

Back

law of conservation of mass

Front

that mass can neither be created nor destroyed, although it may be rearranged in space, or the entities associated with it may be changed in form, as for example when light or physical work is transformed into particles that contribute the same mass to the system as the light or work had contributed

Back

net primary production

Front

the rate at which plants incorporate atmospheric carbon through photosynthesis

Back

nitrification

Front

the biological oxidation of ammonia or ammonium to nitrite followed by the oxidation of the nitrite to nitrate

Back

biological magnification

Front

often refers to the process whereby certain substances such as pesticides or heavy metals move up the food chain, work their way into rivers or lakes, and are eaten by aquatic organisms such as fish, which in turn are eaten by large birds, animals or humans

Back

nitrogen cycle

Front

the process by which nitrogen is converted between its various chemical forms

Back

secondary consumers

Front

eat primary consumers

Back

biomass

Front

biological material derived from living, or recently living organisms

Back

tertiary consumers

Front

a carnivore at the topmost level in a food chain that feeds on other carnivores

Back

primary producers

Front

organisms in an ecosystem that produce biomass from inorganic compounds

Back

evapotransipiration

Front

sum of evaporation and plant transpiration from the Earth's land and ocean surface to the atmosphere

Back

photosynthetic autotrophs

Front

Organisms that use light for the energy to synthesize organic compounds

Back

water cycle

Front

also known as the hydrologic cycle or the H2O cycle, describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth

Back

chemoautotroph

Front

an organism that uses inorganic energy sources for food. Then it puts together its own organic compounds using ATP

Back

detritivores

Front

an organism that feeds on dead and decomposing organic matter

Back

acid precipitation

Front

rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, meaning that it possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH)

Back

carbon cycle

Front

the biogeochemical cycle by which carbon is exchanged among the biosphere, pedosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere of the Earth

Back

gross primary production

Front

the amount of chemical energy as biomass that primary producers create in a given length of time

Back

greenhouse effect

Front

a process by which thermal radiation from a planetary surface is absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases, and is re-radiated in all directions

Back

primary consumers

Front

organisms that eat the autotrophs

Back

production efficiency

Front

Measure of the amount of biomass stored by consumers relative to the amount of food they successfully absorbed

Back

eutrophication

Front

the enrichment of an ecosystem with chemical nutrients, typically compounds containing nitrogen, phosphorus, or both

Back

trophic levels

Front

each of several hierarchical levels in an ecosystem, comprising organisms that share the same function in the food chain and the same nutritional relationship to the primary sources of energy

Back