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Fat necrosis

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Pathology

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Last updated

7 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (46)

Section 1

(46 cards)

Fat necrosis

Front

basophilic Ca+ deposits and chalky white appearance in adipose tissue, what type of necrosis?

Back

Squamous metaplasia (Schistosoma (arrows))

Front

Back

Hypertrophy

Front

Back

Irritant effect

Front

A 46-year-old man has smoked 2 packs of cigarettes per day for the past 30 years. He has had a chronic cough for the past 3 years, worsening over the last 2 weeks. A suspicious left pulmonary parenchymal lesion is seen on a chest x-ray. He has a bronchoscopy performed. A biopsy of a segmental bronchus shows squamous metaplasia. Which of the following is the most appropriate interpretation of this finding?

Back

Caseous necrosis

Front

Tuberculous lymph node, what type of necrosis?

Back

Atrophy

Front

Back

Fibrinoid necrosis

Front

Necrosis of immunologic damage, appearance of fibrin

Back

Lobular Hyperplasia (glandular hyperplasia)

Front

Proliferation of the female breast during puberty and pregnancy.

Back

Hyperplasia

Front

Back

Brown atrophy of heart

Front

Back

Fat necrosis

Front

An abdominal CT scan reveals peritoneal fluid collections and decreased attenuation along with an enlarged pancreas. Which of the following cellular changes is most likely to accompany these findings?

Back

Metaplasia

Front

A plain X-ray reveals a 4 cm circumscribed mass in the soft tissue adjacent to humerus. The mass contains areas of brightness on the x-ray. Over the next year this process gradually resolves. Which of the following terms best describes this process?

Back

squamous metaplasia: Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones).

Front

Back

Increased serum creatine kinase

Front

A 55-year-old man has a history of hypercholesterolemia with coronary artery disease and suffered a myocardial infarction 2 years ago. He now presents with crushing substernal chest pain. Which of the following laboratory tests is most useful in diagnosing the cause of his chest pain?

Back

Atrophy

Front

Back

Grangrenous necrosis

Front

Interruption of blood supply to a lower extremity or bowel.

Back

Hydropic change (Vacuolar degeneration)

Front

Distended and pinched-off segments of ER

Back

Gangrene

Front

A 55-year-old man has a 30-year history of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. He has had extensive black discoloration of skin and soft tissue of his right foot.

Back

Skeletal muscle

Front

The left femoral artery is lacerated, and he incurs extensive blood loss and remains hypotensive for hours during transport to the emergency department. On admission, his hematocrit is 12%. Which of the following tissues is most likely to withstand the impact of these events with the least damage?

Back

irreversible cell injury (necrosis)

Front

Back

Myocardial hypertrophy

Front

Back

Cerebral softening from liquefactive necrosis

Front

A 73-year-old man suffers a 'stroke.' On physical examination he cannot move his right arm. A cerebral angiogram demonstrates occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery. An echocardiogram reveals a thrombus within a dilated left atrium. Which of the following is the most likely pathologic alteration from this event that has occurred in his brain?

Back

Fat necrosis.

Front

Complication of acute pancreatitis or breast, what type of necrosis?

Back

Liquefactive necrosis

Front

A 59-year-old woman had loss of consciousness that persisted for over an hour. When she aroused, she could not speak and she could not move her right arm or leg. A cerebral angiogram revealed an occlusion to her left middle cerebral artery. Months later, a CT scan shows a 5 cm cystic area in her left parietal lobe cortex. This CT finding most likely demonstrates a lesion that is the consequence of resolution from which of the following events?

Back

Squamous metaplasia, (smoking)

Front

main cause?

Back

Fatty change

Front

Back

Glandular-cystic endometrial hyperplasia

Front

Back

Breast trauma

Front

There is no lymphadenopathy. No skin lesions are seen, other than a bruise to her upper arm. A needle biopsy of the breast mass is performed. On microscopic examination, the biopsy shows fat necrosis. This biopsy result is most consistent with which of the following etiologies?

Back

Coagulative necrosis

Front

At autopsy, the spleen on sectioning grossly reveals presence of a tan to white, wedge-shaped 1.5 x 3 cm lesion with base on the capsule. The splenic findings are most likely to result from which of the following cellular abnormalities?

Back

Granulomas

Front

Epithelioid cells, macrophages, CD4 helper cells, multinucleated giant cells (fusion of macrophages)

Back

Hyperplasia

Front

The size of each liver in donor and recipient is greater than at the time of transplantation. Which of the following cellular alterations is most likely to explain this phenomenon?

Back

Atrophy

Front

Back

Coagulative necrosis

Front

What type of necrosis

Back

Dysplasia

Front

Back

liquefactive necrosis

Front

Lung abscesses. What type of necrosis

Back

Nuclear pyknosis, karyolysis (Basophilia), Karyorrhexis (fragments)

Front

A 45-year-old man has a traumatic injury to his forearm and incurs extensive blood loss. On physical examination in the emergency department his blood pressure is 70/30 mm Hg. Which of the following cellular changes is most likely to represent irreversible cellular injury as a result of this injury?

Back

Hypertrophy

Front

She died from heart failure. At auotsy, her heart weighed 540 gm. The size of her heart is most likely to be result of what involving the myocardial fibers?

Back

Caseous necrosis

Front

"cottage-cheese-like appearance", what type of necrosis?

Back

Diabetes mellitus (gangrene)

Front

A 60-year-old woman has noted a dark red-black appearance to her great toe and second and third toes of her left foot for the past month.

Back

Barrett esophagus (Glandular metaplasia)

Front

Back

Hypertrophy of uterus during pregnancy.

Front

Back

Metaplasia

Front

Biopsies are taken of an erythematous area of lower esophageal mucosa 3 cm above gastro-esophageal junction. No mass lesion, ulceration, or hemorrhage noted. Biopsies demonstrate presence of columnar epithelium with goblet cells. Which of the following mucosal alterations is most likely represented by these findings?

Back

Coagulative necrosis

Front

A 26-year-old man has had a high fever for the past 2 days. On exam he has a heart murmur. Echocardiography shows destruction of the aortic valve by large, irregular vegetations. Staphylococcus aureus is cultured from his blood. He develops left upper quadrant pain. Abdominal CT shows a wedge-shaped 1.5 x 3 cm splenic lesion with base on the capsule. The splenic lesion is most likely to result from which of the following cellular abnormalities?

Back

Squamous metaplasia in cervical epithelium (Chronic cervicitis)

Front

Back

Reversible cell injury

Front

Type of damage

Back

Myositis ossificans (Connective tissue metaplasia)

Front

Bone formation in muscle

Back