Section 1
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Iatrogenic
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Last updated
7 years ago
Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (110)
Section 1
(50 cards)
Iatrogenic
adverse condition resulting from medical treatment
Syndrome
a group of signs and symptoms, characterizing an abnormal disturbance
Degenerative
refers to deterioration of the body
Identify the following disease process cystic fibrosis
congenital
Describe Disease Classification
Neoplastic
If a disease process is considered additive, then the radiographer should ____ technical factors when making the exposure.
increase
Sign or Symptom: dizziness
symptom
Define Diagnosis
the name of a disease an individual is believed to have
Identify the following disease process bronchial adenomas
neoplastic
Describe Disease Classification
metabolic
Idiopathic
A disease of unknown cause or origin
Chronic diseases
present more slowly and last a long time
Define Symptom
refers to the patient's perception, only the patient can identify these manifestations
Lesion
describes the many types of cellular changes that can occur in response to disease
Sign or Symptom: coughing
sign
A disease with no symptoms
Asymptomatic
Identify the following disease process pneumothorax
traumatic
3 Primary Treatment Options for Cancer
1. surgery 2. chemotherapy 3.radiation therapy
Mortality Rate
number of deaths caused by a particular disease
Define Prognosis
the prediction of the course and outcome of a disease
If a patient gets a staph infection while in the hospital recovering from surgery, this is termed
Nosocomial
Sign or Symptom: fever
sign
__________________ a type of cancer that is derived from epithelial cells.
Carcinoma
Which of the following is an example of a neoplastic disease process?
A
Describe Disease Classification
Traumatic
A disease that results from medical treatment is termed
Iatrogenic
Destructive Processes
(down) compactness of cells (down) normal tissue density (down) technical factors (ex. osteoporosis)
Describe Disease Classification
inflammatory
Acute diseases
have a quick onset and last a short period of time
treatment designed to relieve one's pain when curing is not possible
Palliative
Describe Disease Classification
degenrative
Identify the following disease process TB
inflammatory
Identify the following disease process bronchiectasis
Inflammatory
A ______ neoplasm remains localized and is generally non-invasive.
benign
Additive Processes
(up) compactness of cells (up) normal tissue density (up) technical factors (ex. osteopetrosis)
Virulence
refers to the ease with which an organism can overcome body defenses
Sign or Symptom: rash
sign
Which of the following radiographs is an example of a additive disease process
B
Describe Disease Classification
hereditary
Hereditary
a disease that is genetically transferred from either parent to child
Etiology
the study of the cause of disease
Sign or Symptom: headache
symptom
Pathology
Study of disease
Match the cancer with it's image.
1st Pic: Carcinoma 2nd Pic: Sarcoma
If a patient comes to the hospital and no symptoms are detected this is termed
asymptomatic
_________________ a type of cancer that is derived from connective tissue
Sarcoma
Define Signs
an objective manifestation detected by the doctor
Morbidity Rate
the incidence of sickness sufficient to interfere with an individual's normal daily routine
The spread of cancer cells is termed
metasases
Congenital
existing at (usually before) birth
Section 2
(50 cards)
At all times, where should a chest tube (fluid collection apparatus) be placed in reference to the patient?
below chest wall
Indicate whether the process would require an increase (+) or decrease (-) atelectasis
increase (+)
Define: Bronchiectasis
permanent, abnormal dilation of one or more bronchi
Indicate whether the process would require an increase (+) or decrease (-) pneumonia
increase (+)
Define pleurisy
inconsequential chest pain
Define: Pneumonia
lung inflammation; leads to build up of fluid in the lungs; and decrease of pulmonary function
Radiographic Findings for Pneumonia
soft, patchy ill-defined pulmonary densities (infiltrates)
T.B. X-Ray Photo
(Insert Photo Here)
True or False MRI is the modality of choice when evaluating pathologies of the lungs
false
Indicate whether the process would require an increase (+) or decrease (-) emphysema
decrease (-)
True or False Cystic fibrosis most commonly affects miners sandblasters & people working with abestos
false
Pulmonary Metastases X-Ray Photo
(Insert Photo Here)
Pneumonia X-Ray Photo
(Insert Photo Here)
True or False NM demonstrates breathing capacity and pulmonary emboli
true
Signs & Symptoms: Chronic Bronchitis
-chronic productive cough (lasting 3 months) -dyspnea -wheezing -chest tightness
Define: cystic fibrosis
genetic disorder; causes exocrine glands to malfunction
Hyaline Membrane Disease X-Ray Photo
(Insert Photo Here)
True or False There is no cure for cystic fibrosis
true
Pectus X-Ray Photo
(Insert Photo Here)
Radiographic Findings for Tuberculosis
lesions or nodules in apical region of lungs
Define: "RDS"
immature respiratory system, occurs in premature infants
Indicate whether the process would require an increase (+) or decrease (-) bronchiectasis
increase (+)
Define: Apnea
inability to breathe
Signs & Symptoms: Emphysema
-Dyspnea, initially during exertion, but eventually even when at rest -pursed lips -barrel shaped chest
Define anthracosis
"black lung disease"= inhaling coal dust usually affects coal miners
If a patient complains of sudden one-sided chest pain w/ dyspnea, what pathological process does this indicate?
pleurisy
Define: Empyema
pus in the pleural cavity
List the anatomy included in the Upper respiratory system?
nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx
True or False A pneumothorax occurs when free air is trapped in the pleural space and compresses lung tissue
true
A chest tube placed higher in the chest is usually for the removal of
air
Signs & Symptoms: TB
-fever -chills -night sweats -sore throat & cough for months
True or False Nodules in the lungs are usually benign if they measure less than 1 cm
true
Indicate whether the process would require an increase (+) or decrease (-) pneumothorax
decrease (-)
If the radiologist suspects a lesion in the left lung, which projection should be performed to demonstrate this finding?
RAO / LPO
Radiographic Findings for Pneumothorax
radiolucent area of the lung void of vascular markings
Define: empyema
an accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity
True or False Without prior treatment, TB can spread to various parts of the body (i.e. the brain, bones, spine, & kidneys)
true
Chronic Bronchitis X-Ray Photo
(Insert Photo Here)
If the radiologist suspects "free air" in the left lung, in which projection would this be demonstrated?
right lateral decubitus
Emphysema X-Ray Photo
(Insert Photo Here)
Define: Expectoration
the act of coughing up / spitting out material from the lungs
Identify the following disease process hyaline membrane disease
congenital
Define: Hemoptysis
coughing up blood
Pleural Effusion X-Ray Photo
(Insert Photo Here)
Define asbestosis
inhaling asbestos particles
Radiographic Findings for Emphysema
very black lungs, barrel-shaped chest / flattened diaphragm on lateral CxR
Atelectasis X-Ray Photo
(Insert Photo Here)
Define silicosis
inhaling dust particles usually affects miners / sandblasters
Reasons that chest fluoroscopy might be performed
-demo foreign bodies -diaphragm excursion -pneumothoraces -differentiate b/t lung nodules and psuedonodules
Signs & Symptoms: Hyaline Membrane Disease
-Low APGAR Score -Premature infant born with Low APGAR score -dyspnea, tachypnea, cyanosis
Section 3
(10 cards)