a developmental process that refers to the way people relate to others around them
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Environment
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a person's surroundings and everything in them, including both human and non-human factors
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Heredity
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the sum of all the qualities a person inherits from his or her parents at birth
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Adolescence
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the period of great growth and change between childhood and adulthood
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Freud, Sigmund
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Austrian psychiatrist whose theory states that a person's early emotional experiences affect adult life profoundly
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Moral development
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developmental process that refers to the ability to know right from wrong
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Montessori, Maria
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Italian educator whose theory states children learn best through their senses pursuing their own interests at their own rate
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Theory
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a scientifically acceptable principle followed as the basis of action
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Child development
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the study of how children grow and change physically, intellectually, emotionally, socially and morally
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Piaget, Jean
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the first to study children in a scientific way; he said that children go through four stages of thinking and should be given learning tasks suitable for each stage
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Intellectual development
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a developmental process that refers to the growth of the brain and the use of mental skills
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Observation
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an act of recognizing and recording behavior
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Preschooler
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period of childhood from three to five years of age
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Infancy
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period of childhood from birth up to one year
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Physical development
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a developmental process that refers to the physical growth of a person's body. This growth affects height, weight, and internal body systems.
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Individual life cycle
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a series of stages a person passes through during his or her lifetime. They are: Infancy, Toddler, Preschool, School Age, and Adolescent
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Toddler
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period of childhood from one to three years of age
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Emotional development
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a development process that refers to the ability to experience, express, and control emotions
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School age
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a child old enough to attend school. Ages 5-12
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Montessori school
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a school providing children freedom within limits by a rather structured approach, and a fixed method in which materials are presented