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Celsius

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Chemistry Science

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Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (81)

Section 1

(50 cards)

Celsius

Front

Metric unit for measuring temperature; On this scale water freezes at zero and boils at 100.

Back

ground state atom

Front

(equal numbers of protons and electron); a condition in which an atoms electrons have their lowest possible energies

Back

Rounding Off

Front

A procedure used for deleting nonsignificant figures

Back

significant

Front

Base value

Back

experiment

Front

A research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process

Back

Albumin

Front

protein in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in the blood (3.5-5.4 g/dl)

Back

Hypothesis

Front

a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

Back

Heterozygous

Front

having two different alleles for a particular gene

Back

Paracelsus

Front

Swiss physician, philosopher, and scientist

Back

Atom

Front

Smallest particle of an element

Back

Acid

Front

A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution.

Back

yardstick

Front

criterion

Back

Lactase

Front

enzyme that breaks down lactose

Back

Kelvin

Front

The SI base unit of temperature

Back

scientific notation.

Front

A method of writing or displaying numbers in terms of a decimal number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10.

Back

Density

Front

the degree of compactness of a substance; relationship between mass and volume. Density= Mass of a substance divided by volume of the substances.

Back

Temperature

Front

A measure of how hot (or cold) something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object.

Back

measure number

Front

It measures a quantity like height, weight, or temperature.

Back

meterstick

Front

a common tool for measuring length in the metric system

Back

Weight

Front

A measure of the force of gravity on an object

Back

Group (periodic table)

Front

a vertical column of elements having the same valence electron configuration and showing similar properties

Back

length

Front

Distance between two point (meter m)

Back

centimeter

Front

a metric unit of length equal to one hundredth of a meter

Back

place value

Front

The value of a digit based on its position within a number

Back

Metabolism

Front

All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism

Back

exact numbers

Front

Numbers that have no uncertainty and thus do not limit the number of significant figures in any calculation. Obtained by number or definition

Back

Ammonia

Front

A small, very toxic molecule (NH3) produced by nitrogen fixation or as a metabolic waste product of protein and nucleic acid metabolism.

Back

liter

Front

Basic unit of volume in the metric system

Back

International System of Units

Front

the system of units (SI) used by scientists to measure the properties of matter; used throughout the world.

Back

Conversation factor

Front

a ratio of equivalent measurements used to convert a quantity from one unit to another

Back

Mass

Front

A measure of the amount of matter in an object

Back

mathematical sign

Front

+ or -

Back

chemical

Front

any substance that has a definite composition

Back

Conclusion

Front

A summary based on evidence or facts

Back

ethylene glycol

Front

antifreeze

Back

chemicals

Front

atoms and molecules

Back

Homozygous

Front

An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait

Back

brake fluid

Front

The fluid used in the hydraulic brake system.

Back

Volume

Front

The amount of space an object takes up

Back

prostaglandins

Front

A group of bioactive, hormone-like chemicals derived from fatty acids that have a wide variety of biological effects including roles in inflammation, platelet aggregation, vascular smooth muscle dilation and constriction, cell growth, protection of from acid in the stomach, and many more.

Back

alchemy

Front

medieval chemical philosophy based on changing metal into gold; a seemingly magical power or process of transmutation

Back

metabolic pathway

Front

A series of chemical reactions that either builds a complex molecule or breaks down a complex molecule into simpler compounds.

Back

scientific notation

Front

A method of writing or displaying numbers in terms of a decimal number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10.

Back

Goiter

Front

enlargement of the thyroid gland

Back

periods on periodic table

Front

A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table

Back

milliliter

Front

ml or mL

Back

Chemistry

Front

The study of the properties of matter and how matter changes

Back

Scientific Method

Front

A series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions.

Back

Observation

Front

the action or process of observing something or someone carefully or in order to gain information.

Back

gram (g)

Front

The standard unit of mass in the metric system. 1,000 grams = 1 kilogram

Back

Section 2

(31 cards)

physical change

Front

A change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance Water is commonly found in all three states: solid, liquid, and gas, but all three states are water, its composition remains the same

Back

Units of Energy

Front

Joules (J)

Back

Factor that decrease specific gravity

Front

decrease with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease

Back

kinetic energy

Front

energy due to motion Any object that is moving has kinetic energy

Back

chemical change

Front

A change in matter that produces one or more new substances EX: Silver metal react in in air to produce grainy coating

Back

g/L

Front

condensing

Back

volume displacement

Front

the volume of a solid calculated from the volume of water displaced when it is submerged

Back

Element

Front

A pure substance containing only one type of matter that cannot be broken down into simpler substances

Back

Calorie

Front

one calorie is defined as exactly 4.184 J 1cal=4.184J(exact)

Back

Kcal and kilojoule

Front

One kilocalorie (kcal) is equal to 1000 calories, and one kilojoule (kJ) is equal to 1000 joules

Back

heterogeneous mixture

Front

A mixture in which different materials can be distinguished easily and the components do not have a uniform composition throughout the sample The components appear as two separate regions

Back

Compounds

Front

2 or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion, regardless of the type of chemical bond joining them. They can be broken down by chemical processes into their elements; no by physical methods such as boiling

Back

pure substance

Front

A substance made of only one kind of matter and having definite properties. has a fixed or definite composition. There are two type of pure substances, element and compounds.

Back

Matter

Front

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Back

Types of mixtures

Front

heterogeneous and homogeneous

Back

hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)

Front

toxic to cells and used as a disinfectant

Back

kilojoule

Front

1000 joules

Back

physical property

Front

A characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance; the shape, color, melting point, boiling point, and physical state

Back

Fahrenheit (°F)

Front

-Temperature scale named after the German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736), who proposed it in 1724 -On this scale, the freezing point of water is 32°F and the boiling point is 212°F (at standard atmospheric pressure), placing the boiling and freezing points of water exactly 180° apart -A degree on the Fahrenheit scale is 1/180th of the interval between the freezing point and boiling point

Back

heat

Front

The energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures the energy associated with the motion of particles due to temperature ice cube feels cold because heat flows from the hand into the ice cube The faster the particles move, the greater the heat or thermal energy of the substance

Back

Kcal

Front

1000 calories, term used in animal nutrition

Back

homogeneous mixture (solution)

Front

a mixture that is uniform in its properties throughout given samples We cannot see the individual components

Back

g/cm3

Front

unit to label density of a solid and liquids

Back

potencial energy

Front

stored energy determined by the position of an object or by the chemical composition of a substance.

Back

Energy

Front

the ability to do work

Back

states of matter

Front

the physical forms of matter, which include solid, liquid, and gas

Back

specific gravity

Front

ratio of a mineral's weight compared with the weight of an equal volume of water relationship between the density of a substance and the density of water The specific gravity of urine evaluate the water balance in the body and the substances in the urine 1.003 to 1.030.

Back

Mixture

Front

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined, but physically mixed

Back

Celsius scale

Front

The temperature scale on which water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees

Back

Factor that increase specific gravity

Front

dehydration, kidney infection, and liver disease

Back

chemical property

Front

a property of matter that describes a substance's ability to participate in chemical reactions

Back