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Biology Unit 7 Objective B/C

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Define cellular differentiation

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Mar 1, 2020

Cards (18)

Section 1

(18 cards)

Define cellular differentiation

Front

The process of a stem cell becoming a type of specialized cell through differential gene expression

Back

Define adult/somatic stem cell

Front

Stem cell from a human that is multipotent

Back

How do planaria regenerate?

Front

Neoblasts rush to the wound site, dividing quickly to form new tissues and regenerate missing parts

Back

What happens to the worms' cells during regeneration?

Front

Most of the neoblasts divide and differentiate to become whatever cells are needed (muscular, etc.) Some of the neoblasts divide to become more stem cells

Back

How do we see the worms' cells during regeneration?

Front

We are able to see cells doing mitosis through a microscope

Back

Define regeneration

Front

A process that uses cell division to regrow body parts

Back

Define differential gene expression

Front

Cells turning on and off specific genes to become a type of specialized cell

Back

How do DNA and protein determine behavior?

Front

The different proteins made through the expression of specific parts of DNA cause the cells to look/behave differently Ex: muscle cell only turns on muscle cell genes --- makes it able to contract

Back

Define embyronic stem cell

Front

Stem cell from a baby that is totipotent or pluripotent

Back

Define stem cell

Front

An unspecialized cell that can become one or more type of specialized cells

Back

Define blastema

Front

A tissue of the planarian that is being regrown

Back

What does planaria regeneration tell us about human regeneration?

Front

By studying how planaria regenerate, we can try to apply it to humans with disabilities

Back

How do planaria react to their environment?

Front

Eyespots detect light, and the planarian tends to avoid light sources

Back

Define neoblast

Front

A stem cell found in a planarian that is pluripotent

Back

Define totipotent

Front

Stem cells that form all the cell types in a body AND extraembryonic or placental cells (umbilical cord)

Back

Define pluripotent

Front

Stem cells that form all the cell types in a body

Back

Define multipotent

Front

Having the ability to produce some kinds of differentiated cells

Back

Define induced pluripotent stem cell

Front

An adult cell that is turned into a pluripotent stem cell by scientists

Back